高中一年级 · 阅读系列

Lesson 23 · Bread That Rose Overnight

文体：家庭观察 · 朗读音轨 23

先听一遍

听听面团隔夜变大，与酵母产生的气体有什么关系。

展开英文短文，再悬停查词

My uncle makes bread on weekends. One Friday evening, he mixed flour, water, and yeast, then put the dough in a covered bowl. By morning, it had grown larger and felt full of tiny bubbles.

“Did the yeast add all that extra dough?” I asked. He laughed and cut a small piece to show me the air spaces inside. Yeast uses sugars in the mixture and produces gas. The gas becomes trapped in the dough, making it expand. We compared a photograph from the night before with the bowl in front of us.

My uncle warned me not to treat the kitchen like a perfect laboratory. The room's temperature, the amount of yeast, and the time could all change the result. He followed a recipe, but he also watched how the dough behaved.

At breakfast, I ate the bread with a new question in mind: how many changes that I cannot see directly become visible through their effects?

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My uncle makes bread on weekends.
One Friday evening, he mixed flour, water, and yeast, then put the dough in a covered bowl.
By morning, it had grown larger and felt full of tiny bubbles.
“Did the yeast add all that extra dough?” I asked.
He laughed and cut a small piece to show me the air spaces inside.
Yeast uses sugars in the mixture and produces gas.
The gas becomes trapped in the dough, making it expand.
We compared a photograph from the night before with the bowl in front of us.
My uncle warned me not to treat the kitchen like a perfect laboratory.
The room's temperature, the amount of yeast, and the time could all change the result.
He followed a recipe, but he also watched how the dough behaved.
At breakfast, I ate the bread with a new question in mind: how many changes that I cannot see directly become visible through their effects?

读懂了什么？

读完后，试着用一句话说出本文的主要意思，并从原文找出支持它的一句话。

查看中文译文

舅舅每逢周末做面包。一个星期五晚上，他把面粉、水和酵母混合，将面团放进盖好的碗里。第二天早上，面团膨大了，摸起来满是细小的气泡。

‘多出来的面团都是酵母添进去的吗？’我问。他笑了，切下一小块给我看内部的气孔。酵母利用混合物中的糖，产生气体。气体困在面团里，使面团膨胀。我们拿前一晚的照片与眼前这只碗作比较。

舅舅提醒我，厨房不是条件完全受控的实验室。室温、酵母的用量和等待时间都可能改变结果。他遵照食谱，也留意面团实际的变化。

吃早饭时，我心里多了一个问题：有多少看不见的变化，是通过它们造成的结果才显现出来的？

本课重点词语

以下是本课重点词语的中文讲解；英文正文中有虚线的单词可悬停查看词义和发音。

yeast: 酵母；加入面团后参与发酵。
dough: 面团；隔夜后体积变大。
bubble: 气泡；摸起来可感到细小气泡。
produce gas: 产生气体；酵母利用糖后的结果。
become trapped: 被困住；气体留在面团内部。
expand: 膨胀；面团随气体增加而变大。
laboratory: 实验室；厨房条件并非完全受控。
behave: 呈现变化；舅舅观察面团的状态。
directly: 直接地；有些变化不能直接看见。
effect: 结果、影响；通过气孔看见变化的作用。

背景知识

酵母发酵产生气体，气体被面团留住后形成气孔，使面团膨大。厨房观察有启发性，但温度、用量和时间不同，结果也会变化。

再听一遍