中学一年级 · 阅读系列
Lesson 23 · A Balloon on the Wall
文体:实验说明 · 朗读音轨 23

先听一遍
听一听气球贴到墙上的步骤。
展开英文短文,再悬停查词
Blow up a balloon. Rub it on a wool sweater for a few seconds. Then hold it near a wall. The balloon may stick to the wall without glue.
Rubbing moves some electric charges. One object can gain extra charges, while the other is left with fewer. The charged balloon can attract charges in the wall. This is called static electricity. Try it on a dry day because wet air can make the effect weaker.
逐句跟读
点击任意一句听 Dicvo 的 Jenny 英语语音;开始连续播放前可选择每句播放次数。同一句的每遍之间、切换到下一句之前,都会留出约一遍句子时长供你跟读。原有整篇朗读仍可在上方播放。
请选择一句开始。
-
Blow up a balloon.
-
Rub it on a wool sweater for a few seconds.
-
Then hold it near a wall.
-
The balloon may stick to the wall without glue.
-
Rubbing moves some electric charges.
-
One object can gain extra charges, while the other is left with fewer.
-
The charged balloon can attract charges in the wall.
-
This is called static electricity.
-
Try it on a dry day because wet air can make the effect weaker.
读懂了什么?
读完后,试着用一句话说出本文的主要意思,并从原文找出支持它的一句话。
查看中文译文
把气球吹起来,在羊毛衫上摩擦几秒钟,再把它靠近墙壁。气球也许不用胶水就能贴在墙上。
摩擦使一部分电荷转移:一个物体得到额外电荷,另一个则失去一些。带电的气球可以吸引墙壁中的电荷。这叫静电。最好在干燥的日子试一试,因为潮湿的空气会减弱效果。
本课重点词语
以下是本课重点词语的中文讲解;英文正文中有虚线的单词可悬停查看词义和发音。
- balloon
- 气球。
- rub
- 摩擦;擦。
- sweater
- 毛衣。
- stick
- 粘住;也可指‘刺入’。本文是‘粘住’。
- electric charge
- 电荷;物体所带电的量。
- gain
- 获得;增加。
- fewer
- 更少的;用于可数事物。
- attract
- 吸引;把……引过来。
- static electricity
- 静电。
- effect
- 效果;影响。
背景知识
静电与物体表面电荷的分布不均有关。天气干燥时,电荷较不容易散失,所以气球实验以及碰门把手时的小小放电更容易发生。雷电也涉及大量电荷的移动,但规模与家庭实验相差很远。
资料来源:Library of Congress, How does static electricity work?