budget
a sum of money allocated for a particular purpose
Vocabulary directory
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buffet
a meal at which people serve themselves from several dishes
bunch
a grouping of a number of similar things
bury
to put something under the ground
butcher
a retailer of meat
cabbage
any of various cultivars of the genus Brassica oleracea grown for their edible leaves or flowers
cafeteria
a restaurant where you serve yourself and pay a cashier
calculate
to find an answer using numbers
calorie
a unit used to measure energy in food
camel
cud-chewing mammal used as a draft or saddle animal in desert regions
campaign
a race between candidates for elective office
canal
an artificial waterway built for boats or irrigation
canteen
restaurant in a factory; where workers can eat
capsule
a pill in the form of a small rounded gelatinous container with medicine inside
carpet
a thick fabric covering for a floor
carve
form by carving
castle
a large fortified building from the past
category
a general concept that marks divisions or coordinations in a conceptual scheme
cease
put an end to a state or an activity
centimetre (centimeter)
a metric unit of length equal to one hundredth of a meter
certificate
a document attesting to the truth of certain stated facts
chairman / chairwoman
the officer who presides at the meetings of an organization
chaos
complete confusion and lack of order
characteristic
a prominent attribute or aspect of something
cheat
deprive somebody of something by deceit
cheek
either side of the face below the eyes
chemist
a person who studies or works with chemicals
chew
chew (food); to bite and grind with the teeth
choke
breathe with great difficulty, as when experiencing a strong emotion
chorus
to say or sing something together as a group
cigarette
finely ground tobacco wrapped in paper; for smoking
circumstance
information that should be kept in mind when making a decision
circus
a travelling company of entertainers; including trained animals
cite
to mention a source or example as evidence
civilisation (civilization)
the social process whereby societies achieve an advanced stage of development and organization
clarify
make clear and (more) comprehensible
classic
a work of art or literature that remains widely admired
clay
soft earth used to make pottery
clinic
a medical establishment run by a group of medical specialists
clone
make multiple identical copies of
clue
a slight indication
collapse
a natural event caused by something suddenly falling down or caving in
column
a vertical supporting structure or a regular newspaper section
comedy
light and humorous drama with a happy ending
comfort
a state of being relaxed and feeling no pain
comic
of or relating to or characteristic of comedy
commercial
connected with or engaged in or sponsored by or used in commerce or commercial enterprises
commit
to promise or decide firmly to do something
commitment
a promise or responsibility to do something
communist
a member of the communist party
comparison
the act of examining resemblances
competence
the quality of being adequately or well qualified physically and intellectually
complain
express complaints, discontent, displeasure, or unhappiness
complicated
difficult to understand or deal with
compose
to write music or form something from parts
composition
a piece of writing or the parts that make up something
comprehension
an ability to understand the meaning or importance of something (or the knowledge acquired as a result)
comprehensive
including all or everything
comprise
to consist of or include several parts
conclude
bring to a close
Confucianism
the teachings of Confucius emphasizing love for humanity; high value given to learning and to devotion to family (including ancestors); peace; justice; influenced the traditional culture of China
Confucius
Chinese philosopher whose ideas and sayings were collected after his death and became the basis of a philosophical doctrine known a Confucianism (circa 551-478 BC)
confused
unable to understand something clearly
consequence
a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon
conservation
the protection of nature and resources
consist
be composed of
consistent
remaining the same in quality or behaviour
consultant
an expert who gives advice
consultation
a conference (usually with someone important)
consume
engage fully
consumption
(economics) the utilization of economic goods to satisfy needs or in manufacturing
contemporary
living or happening at the same time
contest
to challenge the result of a decision or competition
contradictory
of words or propositions so related that both cannot be true and both cannot be false
contrary
opposite to what is expected or stated
contrast
put in opposition to show or emphasize differences
conventional
following accepted customs and proprieties
convince
make (someone) agree, understand, or realize the truth or validity of something
cooperate
work together on a common enterprise of project
core
a small group of indispensable persons or things
correspond
to exchange letters or messages
costume
the attire worn in a play or at a fancy dress ball
council
a body serving in an administrative capacity
coverage
the news as presented by reporters for newspapers or radio or television
creature
a living organism characterized by voluntary movement
criterion (pl. criteria)
a basis for comparison; a reference point against which other things can be evaluated
critical
extremely important to the success or failure of something
criticise (criticize)
act as a critic
crucial
of extreme importance; vital to the resolution of a crisis
cruel
(of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering
cuisine
a style of cooking
cupboard
a small room (or recess) or cabinet used for storage space
curtain
hanging cloth used as a blind (especially for a window)
damp
slightly wet
dare
to have the courage to do something
database
an organized body of related information
debate
argue with one another
debt
the state of owing something (especially money)
decent
of an acceptable or good standard
defend
be on the defensive; act against an attack