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Vocabulary directory

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bump

a slight collision or raised spot on a surface

bundle

a group of things tied or wrapped together

bureaucrat

an official who works in a government administration

burger

a round patty of food served in a bun

bushy

thick and growing in many directions

bust

a sculpture of a person's head and upper body

bypass

to go around or avoid a place or obstacle

cable

a thick wire used to carry electricity or signals

calculating

carefully planned to gain an advantage, often selfishly

calling

a strong feeling that a particular kind of work is your purpose

caption

words printed under an image to explain it

captive

a person kept as a prisoner

cardinal

a senior official in the Roman Catholic Church

cartoonist

a person who draws cartoons

carving

an object or design made by cutting wood, stone, or another material

casual

relaxed and not formal

casualty

a person killed or injured in an accident or conflict

catalog

a list of items with descriptions

catholic

including a wide variety of interests or tastes

cauliflower

a vegetable with a compact white head

caution

care taken to avoid danger or mistakes

cavity

a hollow space or hole inside something

ceremonial

connected with a formal public ceremony

certify

to state officially that something meets a standard

chairperson

the person who leads a meeting or organization

challenging

difficult in a way that tests your abilities

chant

words repeated in a rhythm by a group of people

charter

a formal document stating an organization's rights or aims

choosy

very careful about what you accept or choose

chore

a routine task, especially one done at home

christian

a person who follows Christianity

chronically

for a long time or in a way that repeatedly causes problems

circulate

to move or pass around a group or system

citation

a reference to a source of information

clash

a conflict or serious disagreement

classification

the act of arranging things into groups by type

cleanse

to make something thoroughly clean

clench

to close or hold something tightly

clerical

relating to routine office work

cling

to hold on tightly or stay close to something

cloak

a loose outer garment worn over other clothes

clog

to block a pipe or passage

clothe

to provide someone with clothing

clumsy

moving awkwardly or lacking skill

clutch

to hold something tightly, especially from fear

coconut

a large brown tropical fruit with a hard shell

coexist

to live or exist together peacefully

coexistence

the state of existing together, especially peacefully

cognition

the mental process of thinking and understanding

coherence

a clear and logical connection between parts

cohesive

forming a united and well-connected whole

coil

a length of wire or rope arranged in loops

coinage

the creation of a new word or expression

colon

a punctuation mark made of two dots, used before an explanation or list

colonel

a senior army officer

colonial

relating to a colony or a period of foreign rule

colorful

full of bright or varied colors

combative

ready or eager to argue or fight

commander

a person in charge of soldiers or an operation

commemoration

an event or action that honors a person or past event

commencement

a graduation ceremony, especially at a university

commend

to praise someone formally for good work

commendation

formal praise for someone's actions

commonwealth

a political community whose members share a government

commune

a group of people who live together and share work or property

communicative

willing and able to talk openly with others

compel

to force someone to do something

compensatory

intended to make up for a loss or harm

complexion

the natural color and appearance of a person's skin

complication

an added problem that makes a situation harder

composite

made by combining several different parts

computation

the process of calculating something

concealment

the act of hiding something

concede

to admit that something is true, often unwillingly

conceit

excessive pride in oneself or one's abilities

conceited

too proud of oneself and one's abilities

conception

an idea or understanding of something

conceptual

relating to ideas rather than physical objects

concerned

worried about someone or something

concerning

about or relating to something

concerted

planned and carried out together with a shared purpose

conclusive

showing something clearly enough to settle a question

condemn

to express strong disapproval of something

condemnation

strong public criticism or disapproval

condensation

the change of gas or vapor into liquid

condense

to change from a gas into a liquid or make something shorter

condolence

an expression of sympathy after someone's death

conductor

a person who directs an orchestra or choir

confederate

a person or group allied with another

confederation

a group of states or organizations joined for a common purpose

confide

to tell someone a secret or private thought because you trust them

confidential

intended to be kept secret from most people

confine

to keep someone or something within a limited area or range

confinement

the state of being kept within a limited space

confirmation

proof or an official statement that something is true

conformity

behavior that follows accepted rules or standards

confront

to face a difficult situation or person directly

confucian

relating to the teachings of Confucius

congratulatory

expressing praise for someone's success

congregate

to gather together in one place