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Vocabulary directory

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perilous

full of danger

polytechnic

a college that teaches technical and practical subjects

refrigeration

the process of keeping something cool to preserve it

soothe

to make pain or distress less severe

anecdotal

based on personal stories rather than systematic evidence

carbohydrate

a substance in foods that provides energy, including sugars and starches

deregulation

the removal or reduction of government controls over an activity

disarmament

the reduction or removal of weapons, especially between countries

embody

to represent or express an idea or quality clearly

inertia

the tendency of an object to resist changes in motion

pronoun

a word used in place of a noun, such as he or they

diversify

to make or become more varied

duplication

an unnecessary or exact copy of something

fable

a short story that teaches a moral lesson, often using animals

foresight

the ability to plan sensibly for future needs

manhood

the period or state of being an adult man

propel

to push or drive something forward

shorthand

a quick system of writing using symbols or abbreviations

allure

a strong attraction or charm

contemplation

deep and careful thought

deteriorate

to become worse in quality or condition

formality

a formal rule or action required by custom or procedure

hitherto

until now or until a particular time in the past

atrocious

extremely bad or cruel

avert

to prevent something bad from happening

furnish

to provide a room with furniture or supply what is needed

habitual

done regularly as a habit

hazy

full of mist or not clear

imperialist

a person who supports the expansion of a country's power over others

periodical

a magazine or journal published regularly

superstitious

believing that certain acts or signs bring luck or harm

tranquil

calm and peaceful

allotment

a share of something assigned to a person or purpose

cynicism

a belief that people are mainly motivated by selfish interests

lenient

not as strict in punishment as expected

synonym

a word with the same or a similar meaning as another word

amplification

the act of making a sound louder or a signal stronger

aptly

in a way that is appropriate and accurate

disapprove

to have a negative opinion of something

figurative

using a word in a nonliteral way

groan

a deep low sound expressing pain or disappointment

leaflet

a small printed sheet giving information

separatist

a person who wants a region to become independent

cowardice

a lack of courage in a difficult situation

limelight

public attention and fame

momentous

very important and likely to have lasting effects

renown

fame and respect for an achievement

shrewd

showing good practical judgment

subsistence

the means of staying alive with only basic needs met

tolerable

unpleasant but possible to accept or bear

accountancy

the profession of preparing and checking financial records

binoculars

a device with two lenses used to see distant things

elasticity

the ability of a material to stretch and return to its shape

elicit

to draw out a reply, reaction, or information

multilateral

involving more than two countries or groups

oblige

to make someone do something because of a duty or rule

transcend

to go beyond the limits of something

violinist

a person who plays the violin

deduct

to subtract an amount from a total

doubtless

very probably or certainly

emphatic

expressed strongly and clearly

expressway

a major road designed for fast traffic

glider

a light aircraft without an engine that flies on air currents

impart

to give information or a quality to someone or something

indulgent

too willing to allow someone to do what they want

obstruct

to block a path, view, or process

subtlety

a small but important difference or quality that is not obvious

watchful

paying close attention in order to notice danger or change

beset

to trouble someone or something repeatedly

debtor

a person or organization that owes money

henceforth

from this time onward

indignation

anger caused by something considered unfair

irritate

to make someone annoyed or a part of the body sore

lass

a girl or young woman, especially in some regional varieties of English

resourceful

good at finding clever ways to solve problems

sacrificial

relating to an offering made as part of a religious ceremony

tact

the ability to say or do things without offending others

compress

to press something into a smaller space

dilution

the process of making a liquid weaker by adding another liquid

heiress

a woman who is entitled to inherit property or wealth

intrinsically

by the basic nature of something

purify

to remove harmful or unwanted substances from something

stimulant

a substance that increases activity in the body or mind

complacency

a feeling of satisfaction that prevents someone from noticing problems

errand

a short trip made to do a particular task for someone

insistent

repeatedly demanding that something be done or heard

materialism

the belief that possessions and wealth are especially important

observant

good at noticing details

renovate

to repair and improve an old building

armament

weapons and military equipment

impossibility

something that cannot happen or be done

instinctive

done naturally without conscious thought

tireless

working with great energy and without seeming to get tired

alienate

to make someone feel isolated or less friendly toward you

nourishment

food needed for health and growth

postponement

the act of delaying an event until a later time

regularity

the quality of happening in a steady or repeated pattern

vigor

physical or mental energy and strength

zoological

relating to the study or collection of animals

bystander

a person who is present at an event but not involved